Medical Tourism Blog

ailment

Achieve Overall Facial Harmony with Face Contouring Procedures in Korea

Achieve Overall Facial Harmony with Face Contouring Procedures in Korea
Tuesday, Nov 4, 2025

Table of contents

Considering treatment in Korea? Everything you need to know e.g. — how to avoid scams, visas, interpreters, recovery tips — in our Medical Tourism Master Guide. Plan with confidence in minutes, not weeks!


Facial harmony is all about the balance and proportion between your facial features, creating a look that’s both symmetrical and pleasing to the eye. It’s a core concept in facial aesthetics and plays a big role in how attractive someone appears. This idea covers how your eyes, nose, mouth, chin, and cheekbones relate to each other in size and position, coming together to form a cohesive facial structure.

The main principles behind facial harmony are balance, proportion, and symmetry. While everyone has small asymmetries that make them unique, bigger imbalances can throw off the overall look. Symmetrical faces are often seen as more attractive, and proportions—like the distance between the eyes or the width of the nose—matter a lot. The Golden Ratio (about 1:1.618) is sometimes used as a guide for what looks good.

Typically, the face is divided into three equal horizontal sections (forehead to eyebrows, eyebrows to the bottom of the nose, and bottom of the nose to the chin) and five equal vertical sections. Ideally, these sections should be balanced for the best proportions. The angles and contours of the jawline, cheekbones, and nose also play a big part in how harmonious a face looks, with well-defined features making a strong impact.

It’s important to remember that facial harmony isn’t about chasing a “perfect” face from magazines. Instead, it’s about making sure all your features work well together, enhancing your natural beauty and creating a look that’s uniquely yours. This mindset helps set realistic expectations and leads to more natural-looking, satisfying results.

Because all facial features are interconnected, cosmetic procedures should take a holistic approach. For example, a large or crooked nose can draw attention away from other features, and a recessed chin can make the nose look bigger. Surgeons who see the face as a whole, rather than a set of separate parts, are more likely to achieve true facial harmony. Sometimes, this means combining procedures to ensure everything stays balanced.

Aging can also affect facial harmony. Gravity, collagen loss, and changes in fat distribution can make features look less balanced over time, leading to hollow cheeks or temples. Face contouring can help correct these changes, restoring lost volume and balance for a more youthful look. Procedures like dermal fillers and fat grafting are especially useful for bringing back fullness and proportion.

Other terms you might see for “overall facial harmony” include “Facial Balance,” “Facial Aesthetics,” “Balanced Facial Structure,” “Facial Profile Balancing,” and “Facial Sculpting.”

Detailed Overview of Face Contouring Procedures

Facial sculpting and contouring include a wide range of techniques to enhance, reshape, or refine your features, helping you achieve a balanced and youthful appearance. These procedures can define cheekbones, sharpen the jawline, or reduce a double chin. The right choice depends on your specific concerns, the underlying cause (bone, muscle, or soft tissue), and how permanent or invasive you want the results to be.

Face contouring options range from quick, non-invasive injectables to permanent, complex surgeries. This variety means you can get a solution tailored to your needs, goals, and recovery preferences. Knowing your options helps you set realistic expectations about results, downtime, and costs.

Choosing the right face contouring procedure starts with understanding the root cause of any imbalance. For example, a wide lower face might be due to an enlarged masseter muscle or a wide jawbone. Neurotoxin injections can slim down large muscles, while surgery is needed for bone issues. Accurate diagnosis is key—using the wrong treatment won’t work and could even be harmful. That’s why a thorough consultation with a skilled specialist, often using advanced imaging, is so important.

Modern cosmetic surgery uses advanced tools like 3D imaging to plan procedures with precision. These technologies help patients see what their results might look like, making the process less stressful and more transparent. High-resolution imaging also helps surgeons plan safely, especially for complex bone surgeries, by mapping out bone structure and nerves.

Non-Surgical Face Contouring Techniques

Non-surgical methods are usually minimally invasive and offer results with little downtime.

  • Dermal Fillers: These injectables add volume, smooth lines, and enhance features like cheekbones and jawlines. Fillers such as hyaluronic acid or Calcium Hydroxylapatite (CaHA) can restore fullness to cheeks, temples, and under-eyes. CaHA also boosts collagen production for longer-term benefits. Results are immediate but temporary, lasting 6–18 months.
  • Fat Grafting (Fat Injections): Fat is taken from another part of your body, processed, and injected where you need more volume. It’s great for sunken cheeks, deep wrinkles, and redefining the jaw. Results look natural and last a long time.
  • Neurotoxins (e.g., Botox): These are mainly used for jaw reduction when the masseter muscles are enlarged. Injections weaken the muscles, slimming the face over several months. They can also help with teeth grinding. Results peak at 3–9 months and can last up to a year.
  • Radiofrequency (RF) Skin Tightening: This non-surgical treatment uses RF energy to boost collagen, tightening and smoothing the skin—especially around the cheeks, jawline, and neck.
  • Non-Surgical Chin Fat Removal (Smart Lipo of Neck): This procedure targets double chins by melting and removing fat under local anesthesia, also tightening the skin for a more defined look.

Surgical Face Contouring Techniques

Face Contouring, Square Jaw Surgery, Double Jaw Surgery

Surgical procedures offer more dramatic and lasting changes.

  • Jaw Reduction (Mandible Angle Reduction): This surgery reduces the width or size of the jawline, often using an intraoral approach to avoid visible scars. V-Line Surgery, popular in Korea, combines jaw and chin reduction for a sleeker look. Risks include nerve injury and soft tissue sagging, which may require a lift.
  • Cheekbone Reduction (Zygoma Reduction): This procedure makes prominent cheekbones less noticeable, often as part of V-shaped face reshaping. Surgeons reshape or shave the bone, usually through incisions inside the mouth or hairline. Sometimes, the bone is rotated and fixed with tiny plates and screws.
  • Chin Augmentation (Genioplasty): This surgery enhances the chin’s size and projection, either with implants (silicone, Gore-tex, Teflon, Dacron, or your own tissue) or by moving the chin bone forward (sliding genioplasty). Incisions are usually inside the mouth or under the chin.
  • Facial Liposuction: This targets stubborn fat in the neck and under the chin, creating a more defined jawline and neck.
  • Facelifts: Facelifts address sagging skin, deep creases, and jowls by repositioning tissue and removing excess skin. They’re often combined with other contouring procedures for a full rejuvenation.
  • Complementary Procedures:
    • Rhinoplasty (Nose Job): The nose is central to facial balance. Rhinoplasty can correct bumps, crookedness, or wide nostrils, greatly improving harmony.
    • Otoplasty (Ear Surgery): This reshapes and repositions prominent ears, helping balance the facial profile.

Table 1: Common Face Contouring Procedures and Their Applications

Procedure TypeCategoryPrimary Application/Concerns AddressedKey Technique/MaterialPermanence/Duration
Dermal FillersNon-SurgicalVolume restoration, fine lines, cheekbone/jawline definition, lip balance, under-eye hollowsInjectable substances (Hyaluronic Acid, CaHA)Temporary (6-18 months)
Fat GraftingNon-SurgicalVolume restoration (sunken cheeks), deep wrinkles, facial structure enhancement, jowl camouflagePatient's own fatLong-lasting
Neurotoxins (e.g., Botox)Non-SurgicalJawline slimming (enlarged masseter muscles), teeth grindingInjections into musclesLong-lasting (1-2 years)
Radiofrequency (RF) Skin TighteningNon-SurgicalSkin tightening, subtle contouring (cheeks, jawline, neck)RF energy to stimulate collagenTemporary
Smart Lipo of NeckNon-SurgicalDouble chin reduction, neck/jawline definitionTargeted fat melting and removal under local anesthesiaLong-lasting
Jaw ReductionSurgicalWide/prominent jawline, masculine facial profile, V-Line shapingBone sculpting/removal (osteotomy), V-Line surgeryPermanent
Cheekbone ReductionSurgicalProminent/wide cheekbones, V-shaped face reshapingBone reshaping/shaving (osteotomy), repositioningPermanent
Chin AugmentationSurgicalReceding/weak chin, improved chin projection, jawline definitionImplant insertion (silicone, Gore-tex), bone advancement (sliding genioplasty), fat graftingPermanent
Facial LiposuctionSurgicalLocalized fat deposits (neck, under chin)Targeted fat removalPermanent
FaceliftSurgicalSagging skin, deep creases, jowls, overall facial rejuvenationTissue/muscle repositioning, excess skin removalLong-lasting
RhinoplastySurgicalDisproportionate/crooked nose, humps, wide nostrils, bulbous tipReshaping nose cartilage/bonePermanent
OtoplastySurgicalProtruding/asymmetrical earsReshaping and repositioning ear cartilagePermanent

Best Clinics in Korea for Overall Facial Harmony

Listed below are the best clinics in Korea for overall facial harmony:

| THEPLUS Plastic Surgery Website{data-slug:"theplus-plastic-surgery" data-position: "1"} | THE PLUS Plastic Surgery in Garosu-gil, Gangnam, Seoul, is a four-floor, research-driven center dedicated to overall facial harmony, offering a seamless journey from consultation to surgery and post-operative skincare. Led by director surgeons Dr. Jeong Jae Yong and Dr. Kim Taek Kyun—board-certified experts recognized in Korea and internationally—the clinic is distinguished for rhinoplasty, revision rhinoplasty, and facial contouring. Their surgeons publish in journals and books (including Dr. Kim’s Rebuilding Nose), contribute to global symposiums and webinars, and emphasize safety and personalized communication to balance function and aesthetics for natural, enduring results. | Bone-preserving cheekbone rotation and repositioning technique; a safer, non-invasive, bone-preserving alternative to traditional cheekbone reduction; aims to slim the midface, create balanced contour, and minimize sagging; tailored for larger bone structures. | | Made Young Plastic Surgery Website{data-slug:"made-young-plastic-surgery" data-position: "2"} | Made Young Plastic Surgery Clinic, located in Seoul’s Gangnam district, is a premium center specializing in facial and anti-aging procedures with a genuine dedication to safety, precision, and natural-looking outcomes. By combining time-honored Korean aesthetics with cutting-edge techniques, Made Young focuses on balancing proportions across the eyes, nose, jawline, and skin to achieve Overall Facial Harmony. Every treatment plan is crafted through direct consultations with highly experienced surgeons, ensuring personalized strategies that refine features cohesively rather than in isolation. | Face lifts: facelift, double chin lift, neck lift, forehead and sub-brow lifts; Contouring: cheekbone reduction (including metal-free), V-line surgery (including metal-free), chin surgery (genioplasty), jaw reduction; Rhinoplasty: primary, revision, reconstructive, and implant removal; Eye surgery: double eyelid (incisional and non-incisional), ptosis correction, upper/lower blepharoplasty, canthoplasty, dark circle treatments; Non-invasive lifting: thread lifts (including for men), skin boosters, Shurink, Ultherapy, V-line and forehead lifting. | | View Plastic Surgery Website{data-slug:"view-plastic-surgery" data-position: "3"} | View Plastic Surgery Clinic in Korea is dedicated to the pursuit of beauty with a strong emphasis on safety, offering a comprehensive range of facial, anti-aging, and dermatologic treatments designed to harmonize features naturally and precisely; by combining advanced technologies such as 3D rhinoplasty and 3D-CT revision planning with both surgical and minimally invasive options—from eyelid and nose refinement to jawline contouring, lifting, and skin quality enhancement—the clinic tailors balanced, proportional outcomes that prioritize patient well-being. | 3D rhinoplasty and 3D-CT revision rhinoplasty for accurate, personalized nasal balance; Double eyelid surgery (non-incisional, natural adhesion, incisional); Ptosis correction; Canthoplasty; Endotine forehead lift; Ultherapy; Face liposuction; Non-incisional and incisional lifting; Revision expertise across eye revision and 3D-CT revision rhinoplasty; Safety-first planning; Continuum of care under one roof. |

THEPLUS Plastic Surgery

THE PLUS Plastic Surgery in Garosu-gil, Gangnam, Seoul, is a four-floor, research-driven center dedicated to overall facial harmony, offering a seamless journey from consultation to surgery and post-operative skincare. Led by director surgeons Dr. Jeong Jae Yong and Dr. Kim Taek Kyun—board-certified experts recognized in Korea and internationally—the clinic is distinguished for rhinoplasty, revision rhinoplasty, and facial contouring. Their surgeons publish in journals and books (including Dr. Kim’s Rebuilding Nose), contribute to global symposiums and webinars, and emphasize safety and personalized communication to balance function and aesthetics for natural, enduring results.

At the heart of this philosophy is Dr. Kim’s safer, non-invasive, bone-preserving alternative to traditional cheekbone reduction: a precise rotation and repositioning technique that brings the cheekbone slightly forward to slim the midface and create a more balanced contour while minimizing the risk of sagging or “cheek drooping.” In most cases, it achieves excellent outcomes without aggressive bone removal and is carefully tailored for those with larger bone structures. A leading expert in rhinoplasty and facial contouring, Dr. Kim has received awards for his research on 3D implants and runs annual educational sessions for surgeons. Working alongside him, Dr. Jeong—President of the Korean Society of Plastic Surgeons—champions the integration of function and beauty in rhinoplasty, while Dr. Lee, a board-certified breast augmentation specialist with top university hospital experience, ensures natural and long-lasting results, rounding out a team devoted to achieving harmonious facial balance.

You can check out their website here: THEPLUS Plastic Surgery Website

Zygoma Reduction & Square Jaw Reduction & Fat Grafting & Non-incisional Double Eyelid Surgery & Breast Augmentation

Made Young Plastic Surgery

Made Young Plastic Surgery Clinic, located in Seoul’s Gangnam district, is a premium center specializing in facial and anti-aging procedures with a genuine dedication to safety, precision, and natural-looking outcomes. By combining time-honored Korean aesthetics with cutting-edge techniques, Made Young focuses on balancing proportions across the eyes, nose, jawline, and skin to achieve Overall Facial Harmony. Every treatment plan is crafted through direct consultations with highly experienced surgeons, ensuring personalized strategies that refine features cohesively rather than in isolation.

  • Verified medical team and expertise

    • Only highly skilled doctors with an average of over 15 years of experience
    • Proven skills supported by extensive clinical experience
    • Direct consultation and diagnosis by the medical team before any procedure
  • Comprehensive safety system

    • Full-time, board-certified anesthesiologists on site
    • 1:1 dedicated monitoring, with one anesthesiologist continuously overseeing one patient
    • Cross-check system enabling multiple anesthesiologists to collaborate for precise emergency response
    • Full CCTV coverage of procedures for maximum transparency
  • Thorough aftercare system

    • Separate, dedicated aftercare center
    • Complete and systematic post-procedure care for optimal, stable results
  • Awards and official recognitions

    • 2022 Korea No.1 Award
    • 2022 Korea Customer Satisfaction 1st Place
    • Selected as an Outstanding Member of the Korean Society of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgeons
    • Certified by the Minimally Invasive Aesthetic Surgery Society
  • Why Made Young is the best choice for Overall Facial Harmony

    • Holistic approach that integrates facial contouring, lifting, rhinoplasty, and eyelid surgery with non-invasive modalities to align bone structure, soft tissue, and skin quality
    • Tailored, surgeon-led planning that prioritizes balance and natural expression over one-size-fits-all changes
    • Robust safety and transparency that underpin consistent, high-quality outcomes
    • Recognized excellence and specialized expertise in facial aesthetics, reflecting leadership in Korea’s most competitive aesthetic district
  • Comprehensive facial harmony portfolio

    • Face lifts: facelift, double chin lift, neck lift, forehead and sub-brow lifts
    • Contouring: cheekbone reduction (including metal-free), V-line surgery (including metal-free), chin surgery (genioplasty), jaw reduction
    • Rhinoplasty: primary, revision, reconstructive, and implant removal
    • Eye surgery: double eyelid (incisional and non-incisional), ptosis correction, upper/lower blepharoplasty, canthoplasty, dark circle treatments
    • Non-invasive lifting: thread lifts (including for men), skin boosters, Shurink, Ultherapy, V-line and forehead lifting

You can check out their website here: Made Young Plastic Surgery Website

Sculpting perfection with face contouring. Our approach harmonizes your features, bringing forth your innate beauty in every angle.

View Plastic Surgery

View Plastic Surgery Clinic in Korea is dedicated to the pursuit of beauty with a strong emphasis on safety, offering a comprehensive range of facial, anti-aging, and dermatologic treatments designed to harmonize features naturally and precisely; by combining advanced technologies such as 3D rhinoplasty and 3D-CT revision planning with both surgical and minimally invasive options—from eyelid and nose refinement to jawline contouring, lifting, and skin quality enhancement—the clinic tailors balanced, proportional outcomes that prioritize patient well-being.

  • Harmony-focused facial contouring: V-line surgery, zygoma reduction, square jaw surgery, and front chin surgery to sculpt a balanced lower face and profile.
  • Structural symmetry correction: double jaw procedures for facial asymmetry and lantern jaw correction to align bite, chin, and midface relationships.
  • Precision nose reshaping: 3D rhinoplasty and 3D-CT revision rhinoplasty for accurate, personalized nasal balance within the whole face.
  • Eye aesthetics and function: double eyelid surgery (non-incisional, natural adhesion, incisional), ptosis correction, canthoplasty, under-eye fat reposition, and revision surgery to refine periorbital harmony.
  • Lift, volume, and skin quality synergy: non-incisional and incisional lifting, Endotine forehead lift, fat grafting, Ultherapy Solution, skin boosters, brightening, and acne/pore/scar treatments to rejuvenate 3D contours and texture.
  • Targeted definition: face liposuction to refine the jawline and neck, complementing chin and jaw surgeries for cleaner angles.
  • Revision expertise across areas: eye revision and 3D-CT revision rhinoplasty—plus broader revision surgery capabilities—supporting complex harmony corrections.
  • Tailored care for men: male rhinoplasty, male eye surgery, and male facial contouring designed to preserve masculine proportions; gynecomastia and hair transplant for comprehensive aesthetic balance.
  • Safety-first philosophy: treatment planning and technique selection grounded in safety, with proven materials and methods across all procedures.
  • Continuum of care under one roof: from surgical reshaping to dermatologic maintenance, the clinic aligns each step to achieve and sustain overall facial harmony.

Find more about this clinic here: View Plastic Surgery Website

The Medical Tourist's Journey: Face Contouring in South Korea

South Korea is a top destination for plastic and aesthetic surgery, drawing many international patients thanks to its advanced technology, skilled surgeons, competitive prices, and strong support for medical tourists. In 2023, over half of international patients visiting Korea came for dermatology or plastic surgery, cementing its reputation as the “Plastic Surgery Capital of the World.” Korean surgeons are highly trained, and many clinics offer English-language services for international visitors.

Despite the high quality, medical procedures in South Korea are often more affordable than in other developed countries. This combination of affordability and advanced care makes Seoul especially appealing for those seeking cosmetic enhancements.

Korean clinics are known for their accessibility and comprehensive support. Most clinics have multilingual staff (English, Japanese, Russian, Chinese, Mongolian) to help international patients. Medical tourism agencies make the process even smoother, handling everything from visa applications and travel to post-op care. These agencies also understand the importance of respecting each patient’s cultural background and natural beauty.

Step-by-Step Process for International Patients

Face Contouring

Here’s what the typical journey looks like for international patients seeking face contouring in South Korea:

  1. Initial Inquiry and Consultation (Pre-Departure): Patients reach out to a medical tourism agency or clinic, sharing their goals and medical history. Agencies match patients with the right surgeons and clinics, assign a personal case manager, and provide a detailed cost estimate. Appointments are scheduled with specialists.
  2. Pre-Travel Preparations: Agencies help with visa applications and ensure all paperwork is ready. They also handle flight and hotel bookings, focusing on convenience and proximity to the clinic. Some packages include leisure activities.
    • Pre-op Instructions: Patients are advised to quit smoking, avoid blood thinners, and stop alcohol before surgery. Fillers in the surgical area should be dissolved in advance. Chronic medications should be continued unless told otherwise. On surgery day, patients should shower and wear comfortable, loose clothing. Preparing questions and setting realistic goals is encouraged.
  3. Arrival and Local Logistics: Upon arrival, agency staff meet patients at the airport and help with hotel check-in. A concierge or translator accompanies patients to appointments, and clinics have multilingual staff for smooth communication.
  4. Procedure and Post-op Care: Patients undergo their procedures, sometimes staying overnight in the hospital. Clinics provide detailed aftercare instructions, medications, and professional swelling care. Recovery housing may be available. Patients are usually advised to stay in Korea for 1–2 weeks for follow-up, with longer stays for more complex surgeries. Non-surgical procedures have minimal downtime.
  5. Leisure and Departure: During recovery, patients can enjoy tours and shopping. Agencies help with departure logistics and offer online follow-up after patients return home.

Costs Associated with Face Contouring in South Korea and International Comparison

Face contouring in South Korea is attractively priced, especially given the high quality of care. Costs vary by procedure, surgeon, clinic reputation, and location (e.g., Gangnam clinics may charge more).

  • Comprehensive Face Contouring: Average $10,830 (range $8,919–$12,741).
  • Face Contouring Injections: $207–$551 per session.
  • Jaw Reduction Surgery: $3,784–$6,054.
  • Cheekbone Reduction Surgery: $3,784–$12,384 (average $5,129).
  • Chin Surgery (Implants): $4,960–$5,440 (average $7,000).

These prices often include consultations, check-ups, medications, post-op care, anesthesia, and surgeon fees. Some costs, like overnight stays or implant materials, may vary.

International Comparison:

  • Face Contouring (General):
    • South Korea: $10,830 average.
    • USA: $15,000–$30,000; jawline fillers $1,000–$1,200.
  • Jaw Reduction Surgery:
    • South Korea: $3,784–$6,054.
    • USA: $20,000–$50,000; double jaw $53,000.
    • Mexico: $10,300–$11,700.
    • Turkey: $8,000–$15,000 (double jaw), $6,000–$10,000 (lower jaw).
    • Canada: $18,000–$47,700.
    • Australia: $20,000–$40,000.
  • Cheekbone Reduction Surgery:
    • South Korea: $3,784–$12,384 (average $5,129).
    • Turkey: From $1,448.
  • Chin Surgery (Implants):
    • South Korea: $4,960–$5,440 (average $7,000).
    • USA: $2,500–$10,000 (implants), $10,000 (genioplasty).
    • Mexico: $900–$3,600.
    • Turkey: $2,000–$10,299.
    • Thailand: $1,400–$2,000.
    • UK: $4,100–$6,800.
    • Australia: $2,800–$5,600.

Medical tourism agencies in Korea can help lower costs by bundling services. For example, rhinoplasty through an agency can cost around $4,000 (including travel and accommodation), compared to $6,800 without an agency.

Patient Experiences and Outcomes

Patients who choose face contouring for overall facial harmony often see big improvements in both their looks and confidence. Before-and-after photos and testimonials highlight the dramatic changes these procedures can bring.

The main goal is to create a more balanced, attractive appearance by fixing disproportions or age-related changes. For example, a 28-year-old man who had Left Otoplasty and Chin Implant Surgery achieved a more harmonious profile and felt more confident in social and professional settings. Procedures like chin augmentation or jaw reduction can make a weak chin stronger or a prominent jaw softer, enhancing overall harmony.

Success depends on a good consultation and setting realistic expectations. Surgeons stress the importance of a positive mindset and clear goals. Reviewing before-and-after photos helps patients understand what’s possible and avoid disappointment.

Combining procedures, like a facelift with contouring, often gives more dramatic results and reduces downtime. This approach addresses multiple concerns at once, creating a cohesive look and sometimes saving money compared to separate surgeries.

Post-op care is crucial for the best results. Clinics provide professional swelling care and self-care items to help patients recover comfortably and quickly. This attention to recovery ensures optimal outcomes.

The popularity of cheek reduction, often inspired by social media, shows the growing desire for facial harmony. Procedures like buccal fat removal can make a big difference with minimal downtime. The trend is moving toward natural, balanced results rather than overfilled faces, helping patients look like the best version of themselves and boosting self-assurance.

Conclusions

Achieving overall facial harmony through face contouring is about enhancing natural beauty by balancing all facial features, not chasing a one-size-fits-all ideal. The best results come from a holistic approach, precise diagnosis, and sometimes combining procedures to address multiple concerns. South Korea stands out as a top destination for these treatments, offering advanced care, skilled surgeons, and competitive prices. With the right guidance and realistic expectations, patients can enjoy transformative results that boost both appearance and confidence.

References

1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33

Frequently Asked Questions

Related Blogs

    Are you a clinic?

    Join our trusted platform to effortlessly to enhance your online visibility among those seeking top-quality medical care in Korea from abroad.