Table of contents

• Medical Procedures for Atrophic Scar Treatment
• Best Clinics in Korea for Atrophic Scar
• Navigating Atrophic Scar Treatment in South Korea
• Cost Analysis: South Korea vs. Global Medical Tourism Destinations
• Patient Experiences and Treatment Outcomes
• Conclusion
• References

Atrophic scars are a common skin concern, easily recognized by their sunken or depressed look. These scars sit below the normal skin surface, creating an uneven texture that can be distressing for many people.

What are Atrophic Scars?

Atrophic scars form when the skin can’t fully repair itself after inflammation or injury. This incomplete healing leads to a loss of important skin components, especially collagen and subcutaneous fat. Severe acne is the most common cause, with up to 90% of people who’ve had inflammatory acne developing some degree of scarring. Other causes include chickenpox, lupus, certain infections, and trauma like burns or deep wounds.

Understanding that atrophic scars are due to a loss of collagen and fat—not just surface marks—helps explain why treatments like fillers or collagen-stimulating therapies are used. These treatments aim to replace or rebuild the missing tissue, directly addressing the root cause of the scars.

Common Pseudonyms for Atrophic Scars

People often refer to atrophic scars using terms like pitted scars, depressed acne scars, sunken scars, holes in the skin, or indented scars. Using these familiar terms helps patients recognize their condition and makes information more accessible.

Types of Atrophic Scars

Atrophic scars come in three main types: icepick, boxcar, and rolling scars. Many people have a mix of these.

• Icepick Scars: Deep, narrow, and sharply pitted, these look like tiny holes or enlarged pores. They’re the most common, making up 60-70% of atrophic scars.
• Boxcar Scars: Wider than icepick scars, these have round or oval shapes with sharp edges and flat bases. They account for 20-30% of cases and can be shallow or deep.
• Rolling Scars: These are broad, wavy depressions with sloping edges, often caused by fibrous bands pulling the skin down. They make up 15-25% of atrophic scars.

Scar severity is often graded on a 4-point scale, with Grade 3 being moderate and Grade 4 severe. The type of scar determines which treatment will work best—punch excision for icepick scars, for example, or subcision for rolling scars. Accurate identification by a dermatologist is key to choosing the right treatment and setting realistic expectations.

Medical Procedures for Atrophic Scar Treatment

An Introduction to Treatment Approaches

Treating atrophic scars usually requires professional medical procedures, as over-the-counter creams can’t raise sunken scars. The main goals are to boost collagen production, improve skin texture, and reduce scar visibility. Treatments include resurfacing procedures (like chemical peels, laser therapy, and dermabrasion), injectable fillers, and surgical methods (such as microneedling, punch excision, and subcision).

A combination of treatments is often most effective, since most people have more than one type of scar. Professional intervention is necessary for real improvement, as at-home products have limited impact.

Dermal Fillers

Dermal fillers are a popular choice for atrophic scars, especially those that are indented.

• How They Work: Fillers are injected into the depressed areas, adding volume to lift and smooth the scars. Many fillers also stimulate collagen production for longer-term improvement. Hyaluronic Acid (HA) fillers also hydrate the skin.
• Types:
  • Hyaluronic Acid (HA) Fillers: Brands like Juvederm and Restylane provide immediate results and last 6 months to 2 years.
  • Calcium Hydroxylapatite (CaHa) Fillers: Radiesse offers both volume and collagen stimulation.
  • Polymethyl-Methacrylate (PMMA) Fillers: Bellafill is FDA-approved for acne scars and is semi-permanent.
  • Poly-L-Lactic Acid (PLLA) Fillers: Sculptra builds collagen over time, with results lasting over two years.
  • Autologous Fat Transfer: Fat is taken from your own body and injected into scars.
• Procedure: After a consultation and possible allergy testing, the area is numbed and the filler is injected. The process takes about 15-30 minutes, with immediate results and minimal downtime.
• Benefits: Fillers are minimally invasive and provide instant improvement, but results are temporary and may require repeat treatments.
• Effectiveness: Studies show high satisfaction, with up to 96% improvement after one month with HA fillers. Patients often report smoother skin and increased confidence.

Fillers offer both immediate and lasting benefits by lifting scars and stimulating collagen.

Microneedling (Collagen Induction Therapy - CIT)

Microneedling, or Collagen Induction Therapy, is a minimally invasive way to rejuvenate skin.

• How It Works: Fine needles create tiny injuries in the skin, triggering healing and new collagen production. This also helps topical serums penetrate deeper.
• Procedure: After numbing, a device with fine needles is rolled or stamped over the skin. Depth is adjusted based on scar type. The treatment can be combined with serums or Platelet-Rich Plasma (PRP).
• Recovery: Redness and swelling are common for a few days. Patients should avoid washing their face for 24 hours and stay out of the sun for 2 days.
• Sessions: Best results come after 4-6 treatments, spaced about a month apart.
• Benefits: Microneedling is safe, improves texture, and has few side effects, but multiple sessions are needed.
• Effectiveness: It works well for rolling and boxcar scars, with moderate results for icepick scars. Patients report high satisfaction and improved quality of life.

Microneedling is a versatile, low-risk treatment that boosts collagen and enhances other therapies.

Laser Resurfacing

Laser resurfacing uses focused light to improve skin texture and reduce scars.

• How It Works: Lasers either remove the skin’s outer layer or stimulate collagen in deeper layers. This breaks down scar tissue and encourages new skin growth.
• Types:
  • Ablative Lasers: CO2 and Erbium YAG lasers vaporize the outer skin, triggering strong healing.
  • Non-Ablative Lasers: These heat the skin to stimulate collagen without removing tissue. Pulsed-Dye Lasers (PDL) are good for reducing redness.
  • Fractional Lasers: Fraxel lasers treat small zones, promoting new cell growth.
• Preparation: Patients may need to stop certain medications and avoid retinol before treatment.
• Recovery: Redness can last up to 10 days or more. Risks include redness, swelling, hyperpigmentation, and infection.
• Benefits: Laser resurfacing is effective for deep scars but requires more recovery time.
• Effectiveness: Most patients see a 30-70% improvement, with high satisfaction and permanent results.

Laser treatments can deliver dramatic improvements but require downtime and carry some risks.

Chemical Peels

Chemical peels are a common way to treat shallow to moderate atrophic scars.

• How They Work: A chemical solution is applied to the skin, causing the top layers to peel off and new skin to form. This also stimulates collagen.
• Types:
  • Superficial Peels: For mild scarring (e.g., Glycolic Acid, Salicylic Acid).
  • Medium Peels: For moderate scars (e.g., Trichloroacetic Acid).
  • Deep Peels: For severe scars (e.g., Phenol peels), but with higher risks.
• Recovery: Healing time varies from days to weeks, depending on peel depth. Side effects include irritation, redness, and possible pigmentation changes.
• Benefits: Peels are non-surgical and can address multiple concerns, but effectiveness depends on scar depth.
• Effectiveness: Best for mild to moderate, shallow atrophic scars.

Chemical peels can be tailored to individual needs, but deeper peels require expert supervision.

Subcision

Subcision is a minimally invasive surgical procedure for depressed scars.

• How It Works: A needle or similar tool is inserted under the skin to break up fibrous bands pulling the scar down. This releases the scar and stimulates new collagen.
• Procedure: The area is numbed, and the tool is used to release the tethers. Pressure and ice are applied afterward.
• Recovery: Pain, bruising, and swelling are common but temporary.
• Sessions: Usually 3-6 treatments, spaced a month apart.
• Benefits: Subcision is highly effective for rolling and boxcar scars and can provide long-lasting results.
• Effectiveness: Studies show significant improvement, especially for severe scars, with high patient satisfaction.

Subcision is a targeted solution for rolling scars and is often combined with other treatments.

Punch Excision and Grafting

Punch excision is a surgical method for deep, narrow scars.

• How It Works: A small tool cuts out the scar, and the wound is closed with stitches. For larger scars, a skin graft may be used.
• Suitability: Best for icepick scars and small boxcar scars.
• Recovery: Risks include pigmentation changes and visible stitch marks.

Punch excision is a precise way to remove stubborn icepick scars.

Stem Cell Therapy

Stem cell therapy is an emerging treatment that uses the body’s own regenerative cells.

• How It Works: Stem cells, often from fat tissue, are injected into scars to promote tissue regeneration and collagen production.
• Types: Adipose-derived, bone marrow-derived, mesenchymal stem cells, and exosomes.
• Procedure: Cells are harvested, processed, and injected into the scars.
• Recovery: Mild swelling or redness may occur.
• Current Status: Still experimental, but early studies show promise, especially when combined with other treatments.

Stem cell therapy offers a holistic approach to skin regeneration, though more research is needed.

Best Clinics in Korea for Atrophic Scar

Listed below are the best clinics in Korea for atrophic scar:

Clinic Name	Key Features	Special Techniques
Kangdong Sacred Heart Hospital	Comprehensive multidisciplinary care, highly qualified professionals, patient-centered consultations, strong focus on education and research	Latest scar treatments: laser therapy, microneedling, minimally invasive surgery, customized and collaborative plans for complex scars
Geurim Plastic Surgery	Comprehensive aesthetic and reconstructive procedures, holistic patient care, advanced facial and nasal corrections	Atrophic scar management, stem cell therapy for acne scars, hair transplant on scars, individualized scar improvement treatments
Louis Clinic	Innovative facial contouring, wide range of dermatological and petit procedures, personalized aesthetic programs	Ultra V Lifting, Power V Lifting (PDO threads), advanced laser therapy, microneedling for atrophic scars, collagen-stimulating techniques

Kangdong Sacred Heart Hospital

Kangdong Sacred Heart Hospital, located in Cheonho, Seoul, is one of Korea’s leading medical centers, renowned for its excellence in a wide range of specialized treatments. With state-of-the-art facilities and a team of highly qualified professionals, the hospital provides comprehensive multidisciplinary care, ensuring each patient receives tailored, cutting-edge treatment. The hospital’s commitment to delivering advanced procedures across various medical fields has established it as a top-tier destination for those seeking high-quality healthcare, particularly for conditions requiring sophisticated intervention such as atrophic scars.

Why Kangdong Sacred Heart Hospital is the best clinic for Atrophic Scar:

• Comprehensive access to various medical specialties ensures a holistic approach to atrophic scar management, recognizing and addressing any underlying medical conditions that may influence treatment outcomes.
• State-of-the-art equipment allows for the latest scar treatment techniques, including laser therapy, microneedling, and minimally invasive surgical options tailored to individual scar types and skin needs.
• Highly qualified and experienced medical professionals provide care based on the latest research and continuously updated protocols, ensuring optimal safety and effectiveness.
• Collaboration among dermatologists, plastic surgeons, and other specialists allows for customized and multidisciplinary treatment plans for even the most complex atrophic scars.
• Patient-centered care philosophy prioritizes individualized consultation, thorough assessment, and ongoing follow-up, maximizing both cosmetic and functional results.
• A strong commitment to medical excellence, education, and research ensures that patients benefit from innovative therapies emerging from the latest scientific advances.

Find more about this clinic here: Kangdong Sacred Heart Hospital Website

Geurim Plastic Surgery

Geurim Plastic Surgery Clinic, located in Gangnam, Seoul, stands out as a comprehensive center for both aesthetic and reconstructive procedures. With expertise spanning from facial contouring and enhancement to delicate corrective surgeries, the clinic addresses a variety of patient concerns, particularly scars that impact appearance and self-confidence. Among their specialized treatments, Geurim Clinic is noted for advanced atrophic scar management, offering personalized care plans to restore smoother, more even skin by targeting and improving depressed scars.

In addition to atrophic scar treatments, Geurim Clinic provides a wide array of services that include cleft lip and palate repair, hair transplant on scars, stem cell therapy for acne scars, and numerous facial and nasal corrections. The clinic’s holistic approach combines state-of-the-art medical techniques with a commitment to natural, harmonious results, making it a trusted choice for those seeking solutions to scarring and other aesthetic concerns in Korea.

Find more about this clinic here: Geurim Plastic Surgery Website

Louis Clinic

Louis Clinic, located in Pangyo, is a leading medical center specializing in a comprehensive array of aesthetic and dermatological treatments. The clinic is renowned for its innovative approaches in face contouring, utilizing advanced injection techniques and face lifting procedures such as Ultra V Lifting and Power V Lifting with PDO threads. These treatments are designed to refine facial features, restore youthful contours, and promote collagen production, catering to those seeking natural yet noticeable enhancements.

Beyond facial aesthetics, Louis Clinic offers a range of petit procedures, including Botox, fillers, and permanent makeup, all tailored to individual needs. The clinic also stands out for its results-driven acne and scar treatments, employing cutting-edge laser therapy and microneedling to effectively reduce atrophic scars and improve overall skin texture. With additional services in hair loss management and body contouring, Louis Clinic provides expert, personalized care for patients aiming to achieve their aesthetic goals in a supportive and professional environment.

Find more about this clinic here: Louis Clinic Website

Navigating Atrophic Scar Treatment in South Korea

South Korea is a top destination for medical tourism, especially for dermatology and aesthetic procedures.

South Korea as a Medical Tourism Destination

In 2024, over 1.17 million foreigners visited South Korea for medical care, with dermatology being the most popular field. Korean dermatologists undergo extensive training and are known for their expertise and use of advanced technology. Clinics are concentrated in Seoul, making access easy, and the government actively supports medical tourism.

The Patient Journey in South Korea

International patients can expect a streamlined, supportive experience:

• Concierge Services: Many clinics offer airport transfers and multilingual staff.
• Consultation: Free, comprehensive assessments with digital skin analysis.
• Personalized Plans: Treatment plans are tailored, often combining multiple techniques.
• Choosing a Clinic: Look for dermatology specialists and check for accreditation.
• Scheduling and Payment: A deposit (about 10%) is usually required, and appointments should be booked 2-4 weeks ahead. VAT refunds are available for qualifying expenses.
• Procedure and Recovery: Clinics maintain high hygiene standards, and aftercare is thorough. Recovery centers and medical hotels are available.
• Travel Logistics: Flights, accommodation, and daily expenses vary. A medical visa is required, with clear documentation and a typical processing time of 12-14 days.

South Korea’s integrated approach makes the process efficient and reassuring for international patients.

Cost Analysis: South Korea vs. Global Medical Tourism Destinations

South Korea offers high-quality atrophic scar treatments at competitive prices.

Cost of Atrophic Scar Treatment in South Korea

Treatment costs typically range from $300 to $991 USD, depending on the procedure and clinic. Here’s a breakdown:

• Facial Fillers: $110–$600 per session; full treatment $1,000–$2,000.
• Microneedling: $225–$600 per session.
• Laser Resurfacing: $300–$1,500 per session.
• Chemical Peels: $150–$3,000 per session.
• Subcision: $454–$543 (with combination treatments).
• Stem Cell Therapy: $3,000–$12,000.

Costs are influenced by clinic location, practitioner expertise, technology used, and treatment complexity. South Korea’s high volume of procedures and advanced technology help keep prices accessible.

Cost Comparison with Other Countries

Procedure Type (Approximate Cost per Session/Treatment)	South Korea (USD)	USA (USD)	Australia (USD)	Canada (USD)	India (USD)	Singapore (USD)	Thailand (USD)	Turkey (USD)	UK (USD)
Atrophic Scar Treatment (General)	$300 - $991	$550 - $2,500	-	$1,200 - $1,600	$425 - $1,200	$740 - $1,480	$151 - $500	$540 - $1,620	$820 - $3,240
Dermal Fillers	$110 - $600 (avg. $270-$330)	$800 - $1,200	~$230	-	$240 - $1,200	-	-	-	~$400
Microneedling	$225 - $600	$500	$400 - $530 (with PRP)	-	$120 - $300	-	-	-	-
Laser Resurfacing (CO2/Fractional)	$300 - $1,500	$1,500	$470 - $800	-	$60 - $270	$1,480 - $2,220	$151 - $500	$500 - $1,000	$820 - $1,580
Chemical Peels	$150 - $3,000	-	-	-	$36 - $85	-	-	-	-
Subcision	~$454 - $543 (with combos)	-	-	-	$127 - $158	-	-	-	~$1,890
Stem Cell Therapy	$3,000 - $12,000	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-

South Korea generally offers lower prices than the USA, UK, or Singapore, while maintaining high standards. While India and Thailand may have lower entry-level prices, South Korea’s reputation for quality and safety makes it a strong choice for medical tourists.

Patient Experiences and Treatment Outcomes

Atrophic scars can deeply affect self-esteem and quality of life, sometimes leading to depression or anxiety. Effective treatment not only improves appearance but also boosts confidence and psychological well-being.

General Patient Outcomes

Most patients see a significant reduction in scar visibility and smoother skin. However, treatments often require multiple sessions and ongoing maintenance. Complete scar removal is rare, and some side effects like redness or swelling are possible.

Specific Treatment Outcomes

• Dermal Fillers: Immediate improvement, smoother skin, and high satisfaction. One study reported 96% improvement after a month with HA fillers.
• Microneedling: Noticeable improvement, especially for rolling and boxcar scars. Safe and effective with minimal downtime.
• Laser Resurfacing: 30-70% improvement for most patients, with permanent results and high satisfaction.
• Subcision: Highly effective for rolling and boxcar scars, with long-lasting results and high patient satisfaction.

Overall, these treatments are effective in reducing the physical and psychological burden of atrophic scars.

Conclusion

Atrophic scars are a common result of collagen and fat loss, often following acne or injury. Effective treatment requires understanding the scar type and choosing the right combination of professional procedures, such as dermal fillers, microneedling, laser resurfacing, and subcision. South Korea stands out as a leading destination for advanced, affordable care, offering a streamlined patient experience and high satisfaction rates. While significant improvement is common, complete scar removal is rare, so realistic expectations and a personalized treatment plan are essential.

References

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