Micromastia

Description

Micromastia, also known as hypomastia, breast hypoplasia, breast aplasia, or mammary hypoplasia, is a condition where a person experiences congenitally small breast development, resulting in breasts that are smaller or less developed than expected for their body type. This can affect one or both breasts and may have a significant impact on self-confidence and body image. While there is no strict medical definition or minimum size to diagnose micromastia, many individuals seek solutions when their breast size feels disproportionately small or causes emotional distress. Commonly, women pursue treatments such as breast augmentation or fat transfer to enhance breast volume and achieve a natural, symmetrical look. If you are considering options for micromastia correction, South Korea offers advanced medical techniques and internationally recognized plastic surgeons who specialize in personalized breast enhancement solutions for natural and satisfying results.

Procedures that treat this ailment: Breast Augmentation

Top Micromastia Clinics

Waterdrop Plastic Surgery, Korea: Exceptional Breast Augmentation and Skin Lifting Treatments by Top Medical Professionals

Waterdrop Plastic Surgery

Sinsa, Nonhyeon Station

Enquiries go directly to the clinic

Free consultation from the clinic

Waterdrop Plastic Surgery in Nonhyeon is famous for its breast augmentation and skin lifting treatments. With a team of top medical professionals, we promise results beyond your expectations through rich experience and sophisticated skills. Breast Surgery Mentor Breast Augmentation: Uses Mentor implants to enhance breast size and shape while ensuring a natural feel. This procedure is known for its reliability and safety. Motiva Breast Augmentation: Utilizes Motiva implants, which are designed for a natural look and feel, with advanced safety features. This procedure often results in quicker recovery times and minimal scarring. Sebbin Breast Augmentation: Employs Sebbin implants that are known for their diverse shapes and sizes, offering customization according to individual needs. The procedure focuses on achieving a natural and aesthetically pleasing result. Breast Revision Surgery: Corrects or improves the results of previous breast augmentations, addressing issues like implant displacement or dissatisfaction with the initial outcome. It involves careful planning to ensure patient safety and satisfaction. Breast Reduction: Removes excess breast tissue to alleviate physical discomfort and achieve a breast size proportional to the patient's body. This procedure can also enhance the overall appearance and contour of the breasts. Breast Lifting: Corrects sagging breasts by removing excess skin and tightening the surrounding tissue to lift and reshape. It's ideal for those seeking a rejuvenated and firmer breast profile. Areola and Nipple Surgery: Adjusts the size and position of the areola and nipples to achieve a symmetrical and balanced appearance. This can be done in conjunction with other breast surgeries for optimal results. Gynecomastia Surgery for Men: Removes excess breast tissue in men to achieve a flatter, firmer chest contour. This procedure can significantly improve confidence and physical comfort. Skin and Anti-Aging Treatments Lipotripsy (LiPAT): Uses low-frequency ultrasounds to break down fat cells, promoting natural fat-elimination processes. This procedure is non-invasive and stimulates collagen production for skin tightening. Soprano Titanium: A laser treatment for hair removal, skin tightening, and rejuvenation. It offers pain-free sessions with effective and lasting results. TuneFace: A non-surgical facelift that uses radiofrequency to tighten and lift the skin. This procedure improves skin texture and reduces the appearance of aging signs. Ultherapy (Ulthera): Utilizes ultrasound technology to lift and tighten the skin on the face and neck. Results appear gradually over 2-3 months and continue to improve up to six months post-treatment. Thread Lift: Uses dissolvable threads to lift and tighten the skin. This minimally invasive procedure provides immediate results and stimulates long-term collagen production. Fillers and Botox: Injectable treatments to reduce wrinkles and add volume to the face. These procedures are quick, with minimal downtime and noticeable results. Skin Boosters: Injects hyaluronic acid to deeply hydrate and rejuvenate the skin from within. This treatment improves skin texture, elasticity, and overall appearance. Shringk Universe (Shurink): A high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) treatment that lifts and tightens skin without surgery. It's ideal for contouring the face and body. Silhouette Soft (Silhouette X): A thread lift procedure that uses biocompatible threads with cones for anchoring to provide an immediate lifting effect. It also regenerates collagen for gradual enhancement of skin quality. ONDA Coolwaves: Uses microwave energy to target and reduce localized fat deposits and tighten the skin. This treatment is ideal for body sculpting and cellulite reduction. At Waterdrop Plastic Surgery, we are committed to offering the best treatments with the highest standards of care.

learn more

Navi Plastic Surgery: Leading Aesthetic Clinic in Korea Offering Comprehensive and Personalized Plastic Surgery Procedures

Navi Plastic Surgery

Sinsa, Nonhyeon, Sinnonhyeon, Hak-dong Station

Enquiries go directly to the clinic

Free consultation from the clinic

Navi Plastic Surgery encapsulates the harmony of beauty and safety with advanced and personalized treatment plans. The clinic offers a comprehensive range of surgical and non-surgical aesthetic procedures performed by expert surgeons. Rhinoplasty (Nose Surgery) General Rhinoplasty: Enhances the overall appearance of the nose to suit the patient's facial structure. The procedure can address issues such as a dorsal hump, a droopy tip, or nasal asymmetry. Functional Rhinoplasty: Improves nasal function while enhancing the cosmetic appearance. It can help resolve issues such as breathing difficulties due to structural abnormalities. Blepharoplasty (Eyelid Surgery) Non-Incisional Method (매몰법): A minimally invasive eyelid surgery, ideal for those desiring a subtle and natural eyelid crease without scarring. Sutures create a natural-looking double eyelid. Incisional Method (절개법): Utilizes small incisions to create a more defined double eyelid crease. Suitable for those with thick or sagging eyelids. Breast Surgery Breast Augmentation: Enhances breast size and shape using implants or fat transfer. Provides a fuller bust and improved symmetry. Breast Reduction & Lift: Reduces the size of overly large breasts and lifts them to a more youthful position. Helps alleviate physical discomfort associated with large breasts. Body Contouring Abdominoplasty (Tummy Tuck): Removes excess skin and fat from the abdomen and tightens the underlying muscles. Results in a smoother, firmer abdominal profile. Liposuction: Targets and removes localized fat deposits that are resistant to diet and exercise. Common areas include the abdomen, thighs, and arms. Facial Contouring Cheekbone Reduction: Reduces the width and prominence of the cheekbones. Creates a softer, more balanced facial contour. Jaw Reduction Surgery: Aims to narrow a wide jawline for a more V-shaped face. Utilizes precise surgical techniques to achieve natural results. Lifting Procedures Facelift: Tightens sagging skin and muscles to reduce signs of aging on the face. Enhances facial definition and smooths wrinkles. Thread Lift: A minimally invasive procedure using threads to lift and tighten sagging skin. Provides immediate lift with minimal downtime. Injectables and Non-Surgical Treatments Botox: Temporarily relaxes facial muscles to reduce the appearance of wrinkles. Commonly used for forehead lines, crow's feet, and frown lines. Dermal Fillers: Adds volume to facial areas such as cheeks, lips, and under-eye hollows. Smooths out wrinkles and restores a youthful contour. Male Plastic Surgery Male Rhinoplasty: Tailored rhinoplasty procedures that enhance the male facial structure. Focuses on maintaining a natural and masculine appearance. Male Eyelid Surgery: Corrects drooping eyelids and reduces puffiness. Aims to achieve a refreshed and youthful look without feminizing features. Skin Treatments Laser Skin Resurfacing: Uses laser technology to improve skin texture and tone. Treats conditions such as acne scars, wrinkles, and hyperpigmentation. Skin Rejuvenation: Various treatments designed to enhance skin health and appearance. Includes options like chemical peels, microneedling, and PRP therapy. Navi Plastic Surgery is dedicated to ensuring each patient receives the highest standard of care, focusing on personalized treatment plans that address both aesthetic desires and functional needs.

learn more

Galaxy Plastic Surgery Clinic in Korea: Offering High-Quality Facial, Body, Breast, Non-Surgical Procedures and Skin Treatments
Enquiries go directly to the clinic

Free consultation from the clinic

Galaxy Plastic Surgery Clinic in Seomyeon is committed to honest consultations, meticulous surgeries, and comprehensive post-operative care to ensure patient satisfaction. Facial Procedures Rhinoplasty: This procedure reshapes the nose to enhance facial harmony. It can also improve nasal function if you have breathing difficulties. Eyelid Surgery (Blepharoplasty): This surgery corrects droopy eyelids by removing excess skin, muscle, and fat. It can be performed on the upper or lower eyelids, or both. Facelift: This procedure aims to reduce visible signs of aging by tightening facial tissues and removing excess skin. It provides a more youthful appearance with long-lasting results. Chin Augmentation: This surgery improves the contour of the chin by inserting an implant or reshaping the chin bone. It enhances facial balance and profile. Body Procedures Liposuction: Liposuction removes excess fat deposits from specific areas of the body, such as the abdomen, thighs, and arms. It results in a more contoured and proportionate figure. Tummy Tuck (Abdominoplasty): This procedure removes excess skin and fat from the abdomen and tightens the abdominal muscles. It provides a firmer and flatter abdomen. Breast Procedures Breast Augmentation: This surgery involves inserting implants to increase breast size and improve shape. It can also restore breast volume lost after weight reduction or pregnancy. Breast Reduction: This procedure removes excess breast tissue and skin to alleviate discomfort and achieve a breast size proportionate to your body. It can relieve issues such as back pain and posture problems. Breast Lift (Mastopexy): This surgery lifts and reshapes sagging breasts by removing excess skin and tightening surrounding tissue. It results in a more youthful breast appearance. Non-Surgical Procedures Botox Injections: Botox injections reduce fine lines and wrinkles by temporarily paralyzing muscle activity. It's a quick, minimally invasive treatment with no downtime. Dermal Fillers: Fillers add volume and smooth out wrinkles and fine lines on the face. They provide a more youthful appearance and can enhance facial contours. Skin Treatments Laser Skin Resurfacing: This treatment uses laser technology to improve skin texture and appearance. It can reduce wrinkles, scars, and sun damage. Chemical Peels: Chemical peels remove the outer layers of skin to reveal smoother, youthful skin underneath. They are effective for treating acne scars, sun damage, and hyperpigmentation. Galaxy Plastic Surgery Clinic ensures a safe and comfortable process with experienced medical professionals, state-of-the-art equipment, and personalized patient care.

learn more

JJ Plastic Surgery Korea: Premier Clinic for Facelift, Eye, Nose, Body Contouring, Hair Transplants and more in Apgujeong
Enquiries go directly to the clinic

Free consultation from the clinic

JJ Plastic Surgery in Apgujeong offers a diverse range of plastic surgery procedures covering facelift, eye, nose, facial contouring, breast/body contour, hair, and mesotherapy treatments. This clinic is committed to providing excellent and personalized care using advanced medical equipment and techniques. Facelift Procedures Multiplane Facelift: Targets both the skin and underlying tissues to provide a comprehensive lift, improving the overall facial structure and reducing sagging. Hidden Lifting: Utilizes discreet incisions to pull and tighten the skin, giving a rejuvenated appearance without visible scars. Endotine Foreheadlift (Brow lift): Elevates the brow and forehead area to smooth out wrinkles and lift sagging brows, enhancing facial symmetry. Midface Lift: Focuses on lifting the middle part of the face, including cheeks and the lower eyelids, to restore youthful contours and volume. Eye Procedures Eyelid Revision: Corrects issues from previous eyelid surgeries, such as scars, deformities, or asymmetry, to improve appearance and function. Primary Double Eyelid Procedure: Creates a natural-looking double eyelid crease using incision, partial-incision, or non-incision techniques based on individual needs. Epicanthoplasty: Enlarges the inner corner of the eyes to make them appear bigger and more open, often paired with other eye surgeries. Blepharoptosis Correction: Addresses drooping eyelids to enhance eye opening and improve vision, providing a more alert and youthful look. Nose Procedures Low Nose Surgery: Enhances the height and shape of a flat or low bridge nose, creating a more balanced and defined profile. Male Rhinoplasty: Customized nose surgery for men to improve the nasal structure while maintaining masculine features. Corrective Rhinoplasty: Repairs and corrects issues from previous surgeries, including crooked nose and nasal septal deviation for better appearance and function. Nostril Reduction: Narrows wide nostrils for a more refined and aesthetically pleasing nasal shape. Facial Contouring Transparent Cheekbones Reduction: Reduces prominent cheekbones for a softer, more balanced facial contour. Cortical Osteotomy: Involves cutting the outer layer of the jawbone to create a slimmer jawline. Chin Corrective: Adjusts the shape and projection of the chin to enhance overall facial proportions, often used with other contouring surgeries. V-line Lifting: Combines surgical and non-surgical methods to create a V-shaped facial contour for a youthful, slender appearance. Breast / Body Contour Breast Enlargement Surgery: Options include drop-shaped and circular implants or fat grafting to increase breast size and enhance shape. Breast Reduction Surgery: Reduces the size and weight of large breasts to alleviate discomfort and achieve a proportional look. Liposuction: Removes excess fat deposits from various body areas to contour and define the body shape for a more toned appearance. Abdominal Plastic: Tightens abdominal muscles and removes excess skin and fat for a firmer, flatter abdomen. Hair Incision Hair Transplantation: Involves grafting hair from a donor site to thinning or balding areas using surgical incisions. Non-Incision Hair Transplantation: Uses a minimally invasive technique to transfer hair follicles without leaving noticeable scars. Eyebrow Transplantation: Restores or enhances eyebrow density and shape using hair grafts for a natural, defined look. Mesotherapy & Other Treatments Fat Grafting: Transfers fat from one area of the body to another to add volume and enhance contours naturally. Nasolabial Fold Procedure: Reduces the appearance of deep nasolabial folds, the lines running from the nose to the sides of the mouth, for a smoother face. Filler Treatment: Uses injectable fillers to add volume, smooth lines, and enhance facial contours for a youthful appearance.

learn more

M01 Dermatology & Plastic Surgery in Korea: Comprehensive Skin Health and Aesthetic Procedures for a Confident You
Enquiries go directly to the clinic

Free consultation from the clinic

M01 Dermatology & Plastic Surgery in Bupyeong offers a comprehensive range of procedures to enhance skin health and aesthetics. Below are the categories of procedures offered along with their descriptions. Dermatology Procedures: Acne Treatment: This procedure targets the underlying causes of acne with specialized medications and treatments. It aims to reduce inflammation, eliminate bacteria, and prevent scarring. Scar Removal: This treatment involves the use of lasers, fillers, and other techniques to minimize or eliminate the appearance of scars. It helps improve skin texture and boost confidence. Skin Rejuvenation: This procedure includes various treatments like laser therapy, chemical peels, and microdermabrasion. It aims to improve skin tone, texture, and overall radiance. Hyperpigmentation Treatment: Focused on reducing dark spots and uneven skin tone. This is achieved through topical treatments, laser therapy, and other advanced techniques. Botox: Botox injections are used to reduce fine lines and wrinkles by temporarily paralyzing the underlying muscles. This results in a smoother, more youthful appearance. Filler Injections: These injections are used to restore volume, smooth out lines, and enhance facial contours. Common areas treated include lips, cheeks, and under-eye hollows. Laser Hair Removal: This procedure uses laser technology to remove unwanted hair by targeting hair follicles. It provides long-lasting results and is suitable for various areas of the body. Plastic Surgery Procedures: Rhinoplasty: Commonly known as a nose job, this surgical procedure reshapes the nose for better aesthetic balance or to improve breathing. It can make significant changes to nasal size, shape, and contour. Breast Augmentation: This surgery involves the use of implants to increase breast size and improve shape. It is often sought for aesthetic enhancement or reconstruction purposes. Liposuction: This cosmetic surgery removes excess fat deposits from specific areas of the body. It helps contour and improve body shape. Eyelid Surgery (Blepharoplasty): This procedure removes excess skin, fat, and muscle from the eyelids. It can improve vision in older patients and enhance the appearance of the eyes. Facelift: A facelift involves tightening the underlying facial muscles and removing excess skin to create a more youthful appearance. It addresses issues like sagging skin, deep folds, and wrinkles. Abdominoplasty (Tummy Tuck): This surgical procedure removes excess skin and fat from the abdomen while tightening the abdominal muscles. It results in a flatter, more toned stomach. Non-Surgical Procedures: Ultherapy: Ultherapy uses ultrasound technology to lift and tighten the skin naturally. It is commonly used for the face, neck, and décolletage. CoolSculpting: This non-invasive procedure involves cooling targeted fat cells to induce natural fat removal. It is particularly effective for stubborn areas like the abdomen and thighs. Thread Lift: A thread lift uses temporary sutures to produce a subtle but visible lift in the skin. It offers results similar to a facelift without the need for surgery.

learn more

Midas Clinic - Yongsan: Premier Destination for Advanced Cosmetic Enhancements and Anti-Aging Treatments in Korea

Midas Clinic - Yongsan

Gangnam, Sinnonhyeon, Centum City Station

Enquiries go directly to the clinic

Free consultation from the clinic

Midas Plastic Surgery Clinic in Yongsan, Seoul, is a premier destination for those seeking state-of-the-art cosmetic enhancements, from advanced breast augmentation techniques to comprehensive body shaping and anti-aging treatments. Specializing in stem cell breast surgery, the clinic offers a range of innovative procedures such as stem cell and scarless breast transplants, large-capacity breast fat transplants, PRP breast transplants, and hybrid breast augmentations that promise a natural look and feel, effectively tailored to individual needs. Beyond breast aesthetics, Midas excels in body sculpting solutions like FS (Scarless) Liposuction and stem cell hip-up surgery, as well as facial rejuvenation techniques that restore youthfulness and vitality using the patient's own stem cells. Additionally, the clinic's anti-aging system, including stem cell hair loss treatment and face lift surgeries, addresses age-related concerns with precision and care. At Midas, each procedure is a testament to the clinic's dedication to achieving beauty transformations that harmonize with the unique contours and desires of its patients. Midas Breast Augmentation Stem cell breast transplant: Uses patient's stem cells for natural breast augmentation. FS (scarless) breast transplant: A minimally invasive technique that leaves no visible scars. Large-capacity breast fat transplant: Involves transferring a large volume of fat to the breast area. PRP breast transplant: Combines fat transfer with Platelet-Rich Plasma to enhance breast volume. Harvest Jet Breast Implant: An innovative technology for precise and safe breast implant placement. Fat grafting after implant removal: Restores breast volume naturally with fat after removing implants. PRP boosting program: Utilizes PRP injections to improve breast skin quality and healing. Non-incision breast reduction: Achieves breast size reduction without traditional incisions. Hybrid breast augmentation: Combines implants and fat grafting for a natural and enhanced look. Implant Breast Augmentation: Uses breast implants to increase breast size and shape. Breast ptosis correction: Corrects drooping breasts to restore a youthful contour. Floating molding technique for shaping: A specialized technique for natural-looking breast augmentation. Papilloplasty for nipple correction: Surgical correction of nipple size or orientation. Gynecomastia surgery for men: Removes excess breast tissue in men, resulting in a flatter chest. Midas Body Shaping FS (Scarless) Liposuction: Targets fat removal with minimal to no scarring. Abdominal/bikini area liposuction: Sculpting the abdomen and bikini area by removing excess fat. Arm, back, and breast line liposuction: Enhances body contour by targeting specific upper body areas. Thigh/butt liposuction: Sculpts lower body by removing fat from thighs and buttocks. Calf liposuction/muscle reduction surgery: Creates slimmer calves through fat removal or muscle reduction. Stem cell hip-up surgery: Augments and lifts the buttocks using stem cells. Correction of long legs/bow legs: Surgically corrects leg shape for aesthetic improvement. Midas Facial Plastic Surgery Stem cell facial fat transplant: Restores facial volume and youthfulness using the patient's stem cells. Facial liposuction: Contours the face by removing excess fat from specific areas. Quick cheekbone reduction surgery: Reduces cheekbone prominence for a softer facial appearance. Eye plastic surgery: Enhances the appearance of the eyes through various techniques. Young eye plastic surgery: Targets signs of aging around the eyes for a rejuvenated look. Rhinoplasty: Reshapes the nose for aesthetic or functional improvements. Chinless plastic surgery: Augments or reshapes the chin for facial balance. Noble surgery: A specialized procedure to enhance facial aesthetics (specifics not detailed). Face remodeling: Comprehensive approach to alter and improve facial structure. Petite plastic surgery: Focuses on minor adjustments for subtle enhancements. Stem Cell Surgery Fat stem cells: Utilizes the patient's own fat-derived stem cells for regenerative treatments. Bone marrow stem cells: Harvests stem cells from bone marrow for various therapeutic applications. Midas Anti-Aging System Stem cell hair loss treatment: Uses stem cell therapy to promote hair regrowth and scalp health. Stem cell injection therapy: Injects stem cells to rejuvenate and revitalize aging tissues. Thread lifting: Non-surgically lifts and tightens the skin using specialized threads. Laser lifting: Tightens and rejuvenates the skin using laser technology. Hair transplant: Restores hair by transplanting hair follicles to balding areas. Petite plastic surgery: Minor surgical adjustments to address specific aging concerns. PRP: Uses the healing and regenerative properties of Platelet-Rich Plasma for skin rejuvenation. Face lift surgery: Surgically corrects signs of aging for a more youthful facial appearance.

learn more

Kai Plastic Surgery in Korea: Specializing in Breast, Female Cosmetic, Nose, and Eye Surgeries

Kai Plastic Surgery

Apgujeong Rodeo, Apgujeong Station

Enquiries go directly to the clinic

Free consultation from the clinic

Kai Plastic Surgery, located in Cheongdam, Seoul, offers specialized services in breast, face, and female cosmetic surgeries, with a team-based collaborative system. Breast Surgery Mollang Kai Breast Augmentation: This procedure aims for a natural-looking enhancement through the use of advanced implant techniques. It ensures a softer and more aesthetically pleasing outcome. Breast Revision Surgery: This service addresses issues from previous breast surgeries, correcting complications and improving appearance. It tailors solutions to restore confidence and comfort. Motiva Breast Augmentation: Utilizing Motiva implants, this procedure prioritizes both safety and natural feel, offering a range of implant sizes and shapes. The advanced technology supports better integration and shape retention. Female Cosmetic Surgery Labiaplasty: This surgery focuses on reshaping the labia minora for comfort and aesthetic reasons. It helps alleviate discomfort during physical activities and enhances appearance. Vaginal Tightening: Designed to improve vaginal laxity, this procedure can enhance sexual satisfaction and overall vaginal health. It involves tightening the internal and external vaginal tissues. Clitoral Hood Reduction: This operation reduces excess skin around the clitoris to improve comfort and appearance. It can enhance sexual arousal and reduce hygiene issues. Nose Surgery Primary Rhinoplasty: This initial nose surgery aims to refine the shape, size, and overall appearance of the nose. It ensures that both functional and aesthetic aspects are addressed. Revision Rhinoplasty: Focused on correcting and improving the results of previous rhinoplasty procedures, this surgery addresses both structural and aesthetic concerns. It aims to achieve the desired nose appearance while rectifying any complications. Male Rhinoplasty: Tailored specifically for men, this procedure adjusts the shape and size of the nose while maintaining a masculine profile. It balances the nose with other facial features. Alar Base Reduction: This procedure narrows the width of the nostrils for a more refined nose shape. It’s often performed to enhance the general contour and harmony of the nose. Eye Surgery Incisional Double Eyelid Surgery: This method creates a defined eyelid crease through a surgical incision. It’s suitable for thicker or droopy eyelids and provides permanent results. Non-Incisional Double Eyelid Surgery: Also known as the suture technique, this procedure creates an eyelid crease without cutting. It’s ideal for those seeking a less invasive option with quicker recovery. Upper/Lower Blepharoplasty: Upper blepharoplasty removes excess skin and fat from the upper eyelids, while lower blepharoplasty addresses under-eye bags and wrinkles. Both procedures rejuvenate the eye area, making one appear more rested and youthful. Eye Reoperation: This service corrects and improves the outcomes of previous eye surgeries. It addresses issues like asymmetry or inadequate results. Under-Eye Fat Repositioning: This surgery relocates under-eye fat to smooth out bags and hollows, creating a more youthful appearance. It aims to refresh and rejuvenate the under-eye area. Brow Lift: This procedure lifts the eyebrows to create a more alert and youthful look. By addressing drooping brows and forehead wrinkles, it brightens the entire eye area. Canthoplasty: Also known as eye corner surgery, this procedure enlarges the eye appearance by adjusting the outer and/or inner corners. It aims to create a more balanced and proportionate look. Ptosis Correction: This surgery corrects drooping eyelids by tightening the muscles responsible for lifting them. It improves both vision and appearance. Explore the comprehensive range of surgeries available at Kai Plastic Surgery to achieve the transformation you desire.

learn more

105 – 111 of 111 clinics found

    Are you a clinic?

    Join our trusted platform to effortlessly enhance your online visibility among those seeking top-quality medical care in Korea from abroad.